空间红外大口径折射式低温镜头设计与验证

针对目标探测类空间红外相机大范围成像、高灵敏度探测、高精度定位等应用需求,文中提出采用像方远心光路和低温光学技术结合的解决方案,设计了物方视场角8°×8°、入瞳口径265 mm、工作温度200 K的像方远心折射式光学系统。镜头最大口径280 mm,采用多级分散的弹性支撑设计,解决大口径低温透镜装框、透镜组件支撑和镜头整体安装各环节的热应力卸载问题。在保证高刚度和低漏热的情况下,使低温下透镜的热应力对镜头能量集中度的影响降低到可接受范围内。镜头完成装调及室温下像质确认后,进行了力学振动试验,并将其制冷到200 K水平测试像质,测试结果表明,镜头能量集中度达到轴上75%,边缘视场72%。     

特殊螺纹接头双主密封结构密封性能分析

针对油气井日益苛刻的环境,基于特殊螺纹密封机制,提出一种由锥面对锥面和柱面对球面组合的双主密封螺纹接头结构。采用有限元法对比分析双主密封、锥面对锥面密封、柱面对球面密封3种主密封结构在上扣、拉伸、压缩、拉伸和内压、拉伸和内外压5种工况下,密封面接触应力、接触长度的变化情况,得到3种主密封结构的密封能力随载荷的变化规律。分析结果表明,与单主密封接头相比,该双主密封接头在不同载荷下锥面和柱面上的接触应力分布更均匀,接触长度更长且接触应力峰值更小。全尺寸试验结果表明,该双主密封接头的密封性能达到了使用要求。     

A star pattern recognition algorithm for cameras with large FOV

In most large field of view (FOV) observations, the distortion problem is inevitably and significantly more serious than in small FOV ones. In the circumstances, many traditional star identification approaches are not able to efficiently identify stars any more. In order to deal with this problem, we put forward a star identification method that is less sensitive to distortion. The method first processes stars in the central area of the image, using traditional identification logic, and then applies the region growing strategy to enlarge the identified regions iteratively until the entire image is covered. The performance of the new scheme is analysed in the presence of both simulated data and real data. The results show that the proposed algorithm has the advantage of speed, and the strategy of regional extension can efficiently identify stars in large FOV images compared with other existing algorithms.     

电子计价秤示值误差测量结果不确定度评定

本文介绍ACS-15电子计价秤示值误差测量结果不确定度的评定方法,并通过实际测量,计算出7.5kg秤量点的标准不确定度、合成标准不确定度及扩展不确定度。     

沿空切顶成巷段巷道围岩变形规律研究

以宏景塔一矿回采工作面为研究对象,基于切顶卸压无煤柱自动成巷技术原理,采用数值模拟计算和现场实测的方法,对该矿成巷段巷道围岩支承压力分布及围岩变形规律进行分析。研究结果表明:随着工作面向前推进,巷道围岩支承压力呈先增大后减小最后趋于稳定的变化趋势,支承压力稳定值为13.5 MPa;受工作面回采动压的影响,距离工作面70 m以内,锚索受力急剧增大到恒阻值、巷道围岩变形明显;距离工作面70~150 m,锚索受力迅速减小、巷道围岩变形逐渐变缓;在距离工作面150 m之后,锚索受力仅有微量变化、巷道围岩变形趋于稳定。因此确定支护体回撤保守安全位置为工作面后方150 m。工程实践表明:所设支护体回撤距离能够应对巷道围岩变形,成巷效果良好。     

The resolution of analogue measuring devices and its associated uncertainty: An investigation with practical recommendations

Despite the popularity of the analogue measuring devices, there is no recognized reference provided comprehensive guidelines for determining their resolution and its associated uncertainty. For filling this gap, this article is introduced as an attempt to explore and investigate all the available works related to this issue. The new terminology “evident space”, “evident resolution”, and “conjunction” were proposed to set a common reference. Two different techniques for determining the analogue resolution were presented and discussed. Several numerical examples were also presented to show different analogue indications and their interpretations. Moreover, reasonable recommendations for determining the resolution uncertainty were suggested depending on the case.     

Comparison of discriminability of common food acceptance scales for the elderly

This study was aimed to compare four commonly used methods for evaluating consumer acceptance (the 5-point and the 9-point hedonic scales) and preference (the ranking scale and the best-worst scaling) in terms of their ability in discriminating samples and perceived ease of use by the elderly. Elderly (n = 100) and young adult (n = 100) consumers participated in this study. Each consumer evaluated five commercial orange juice samples in duplicate for hedonic rating and preference rank separately and then evaluated ten sets of three samples for the best-worst scale, following the balanced incomplete block design. Nonparametric tests were employed as normality of data was violated. A significant sample effect was observed in all four methods (P < .001). Discriminating power of the best-worst scaling was more pronounced in the elderly than in the young adults; however, the best-worst scaling was easy to use for the young adults than for the elderly.     

高层建筑中上下相邻双层大跨度钢桁架施工技术

介绍了上海前滩10-01地块(办公及住宅)高层建筑上下相邻双层大跨度钢桁架施工技术。结合项目桁架结构特点,分析讨论了双层桁架的支撑措施布设及安装过程中的注意要点,解决了±0m楼板不能满足双层桁架荷载要求的问题,提出了待下层桁架支撑卸载后,利用下层桁架布设上层桁架支撑,完成上层桁架安装的方案。同时通过有限元计算分析,对桁架施工过程进行计算模拟,研究施工过程的结构位形及内力,保证施工质量与安全。